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Editorial   New window
Date: Friday, 13 Nov 2009 18:17

Editorial

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9201-2
  • Authors
    • Kate Cregan, Monash University Centre for Ethics in Medicine and Society Melbourne Australia 3800
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Ecoethics: Now Central to All Ethics   New window
Date: Monday, 09 Nov 2009 19:02

Abstract  A few years ago, I wrote on the need for expansion of the environmental areas of bioethics, and covered some of the topics touched on here. Sadly, although it is possible to find some notable exceptions, bioethics does not provide much of an ethical base for considering human-nature relationships. Here I’m not going to deal with these philosophical issues or others about the nature of ethical decision-making. The rapid worsening of the human predicament means that applied ethical issues with a significant environmental connection (what I call “ecoethics”), must be dealt with without waiting for the more interesting theoretical issues to be resolved. I define ecoethics very broadly to deal with dilemmas over a vast range of scales, and believe they now should penetrate virtually all areas of human activities. Ecoethics must struggle with issues of intra-generational (and interperson/group/nation) equity and the dilemmas of discounting by distance (valuing distant persons/events/costs/benefits less than those closer to the observer in physical or mental distance). Ecoethics also deals with the difficult dilemma of inter-generational equity—of discounting the future. That is especially troublesome when actions today can have significant environmental consequences 50 or more generations from now. Here I would like to highlight the ubiquity of those questions and the importance of seeking answers.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9197-7
  • Authors
    • Paul R. Ehrlich, Stanford University Department of Biology 371 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305-5020 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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The Ethical Basis for Sustainable Human Security: A Place for Anthropocentrism?   New window
Date: Monday, 09 Nov 2009 19:02

Abstract  The deep and lasting changes to human behaviour that are required to address the global environmental crisis necessitate profound shifts in moral foundations. They amount to a change in what individuals and societies conceive of as progress. This imperative raises important questions about the justification, ends, and means of large-scale changes in people’s ethics. In this essay I will focus on the ends—the direction of moral change as prescribed by the goal of sustainable human flourishing. I shall present a meta-ethical critique of anthropocentrism and propose that only an ecocentric ethic can support the sustainable flourishing of humanity. This proposition does not necessarily contradict itself. My claim will be that the values subsumed under the broad concept of anthropocentrism are categorically counterproductive, informing an undesirable concept of “progress”. I support this claim with two lines of argument. On the one hand, the end values of anthropocentrism are shallow and the “flourishing of humanity” is ill-defined. The conceptual constraints of anthropocentrism itself preclude a more concise definition which would take into account the utter dependence of the flourishing of humanity on the health of ecological support structures. On the other hand, pursuing the values that inform the actions of anthropocentrists (which may be identical with the “flourishing of humanity”) leads to unintended and undesirable outcomes, even from the view of the anthropocentrist herself. Those problems are not encountered with an ecocentric ethic, and the conceptual steps necessary to adopt it are not insurmountable.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9200-3
  • Authors
    • Alexander K. Lautensach, University of Northern British Columbia School of Education 4837 Keith Ave Terrace BC V8G 1K7 Canada
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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David Rieff. 2008. Swimming in a Sea of Death   New window
Date: Monday, 09 Nov 2009 19:02

David Rieff. 2008. Swimming in a Sea of Death

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9191-0
  • Authors
    • Allison Neyhart Rubin, California Pacific Medical Centre Program in Medicine and Human Values 2395 Sacramento St, 3rd Floor San Francisco CA 94115 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Biomedical and Environmental Ethics Alliance: Common Causes and Grounds   New window
Date: Thursday, 05 Nov 2009 18:42

Abstract  In the late 1960s Van Rensselaer Potter, a biochemist and cancer researcher, thought that our survival was threatened by the domination of military policy makers and producers of material goods ignorant of biology. He called for a new field of Bioethics—“a science of survival.” Bioethics did develop, but with a narrower focus on medical ethics. Recently there have been attempts to broaden that focus to bring biomedical ethics together with environmental ethics. Though the two have many differences—in habits of thought, scope of concern, and value commitments—in this paper we argue that they often share common cause and we identify common ground through an examination of two case studies, one addressing drug development, the other food production.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9198-6
  • Authors
    • Lori Gruen, Wesleyan University Department of Philosophy 350 High Street Middletown CT O6459 USA
    • William Ruddick, New York University Philosophy and Center for Bioethics 285 Mercer Street, 9th Floor New York NY 10003 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Illuminating Environmental Bioethics   New window
Date: Thursday, 05 Nov 2009 18:42

Illuminating Environmental Bioethics

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9199-5
  • Authors
    • Rob Irvine, University of Sydney Centre for Values, Ethics and the Law in Medicine Sydney Australia
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Pastoral Power and the Confessing Subject in Patient-Centred Communication   New window
Date: Tuesday, 27 Oct 2009 18:25

Abstract  This paper examines the power relations in “patient-centred communication”. Drawing on the work of Michel Foucault I argue that while patient-centred communication frees the patient from particular aspects of medical power, it also introduces the patient to new power relations. The paper uses a Foucauldian analysis of power to argue that patient-centred communication introduces a new dynamic of power relations to the medical encounter, entangling and producing the patient to participate in the medical encounter in a particular manner.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9195-9
  • Authors
    • Christopher Mayes, University of Sydney Centre for Values, Ethics and the Law in Medicine Sydney Australia
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Murray, Samantha. 2008. The fat female body.   New window
Date: Tuesday, 27 Oct 2009 09:09

Murray, Samantha. 2008. The fat female body.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9194-x
  • Authors
    • Paul A. Komesaroff, The Alfred Hospital Centre for Ethics in Medicine and Society, Monash University Commercial Road Prahran Victoria 3181 Australia
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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David, Koepsell. 2009. Who owns you? The corporate gold rush to patent your genes   New window
Date: Thursday, 22 Oct 2009 19:01

David, Koepsell. 2009. Who owns you? The corporate gold rush to patent your genes

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9192-z
  • Authors
    • Aaron Fellmeth, Arizona State University College of Law P.O. Box 877906 Tempe AZ USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Response   New window
Date: Wednesday, 21 Oct 2009 02:29

Response

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9190-1
  • Authors
    • Aidan Davison, University of Tasmania School of Geography & Environmental Studies Private Bag 78 Hobart TAS 7001 Australia
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Response   New window
Date: Thursday, 15 Oct 2009 18:40

Response

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9193-y
  • Authors
    • Brian William Head, University of Queensland Institute for Social Science Research St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Film Review ETIENNE!: A Film about the Little Things in Life   New window
Date: Thursday, 08 Oct 2009 07:08

Film Review ETIENNE!: A Film about the Little Things in Life

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9189-7
  • Authors
    • Katrina A. Bramstedt, California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Program in Medicine & Human Values 2395 Sacramento Street, 3rd floor San Francisco CA 94115 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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The ‘Obligation’ to Screen and its Effect on Autonomy   New window
Date: Thursday, 24 Sep 2009 14:37

Abstract  In the United States, disease screening is offered to the public as a consumer service. It has been proposed that the act of “consumption” is a manifestation of agency and that the decision to consume is an exercise of autonomy. The enthusiasm of the American public for disease screening and the expansion in the demand for all sorts of disease screening in recent years can be viewed as an expression of such autonomy. Here, we argue that the enthusiasm for disease screening witnessed in the American public today may be more a reflection of the constraint on autonomy than its facilitation. It is our opinion that the articulation of socio-historical processes has contributed to a moral imperative which is reflected in the decision making of individuals around disease screening. We suggest medical and health professionals have a responsibility to facilitate the exercise of individual autonomy in health care decision making as an integral component of professional obligation. These professionals need to problematise healthcare activities that constrain individual autonomy.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9188-8
  • Authors
    • Yvonne Lau, University of Otago The Bioethics Centre P.O. Box 913 Dunedin 9010 New Zealand
    • Chrystal Jaye, University of Otago Department of General Practice, Dunedin School of Medicine P.O. Box 913 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Indigenous Research: A Commitment to Walking the Talk. The Gudaga Study—an Australian Case Study   New window
Date: Wednesday, 16 Sep 2009 13:01

Abstract  Increasingly, the role of health research in improving the discrepancies in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations in developed countries is being recognised. Along with this comes the recognition that health research must be conducted in a manner that is culturally appropriate and ethically sound. Two key documents have been produced in Australia, known as The Road Map and The Guidelines, to provide theoretical and philosophical direction to the ethics of Indigenous health research. These documents identify research themes considered critical to improving the health of the nation’s Indigenous peoples. They also provide values that, from an Indigenous perspective, are foundational to an ethical research process. This paper examines these research themes and values within the context of a current longitudinal birth cohort study of Indigenous infants and children in south-west Sydney: the Gudaga Study. Considerable time and effort have been invested in being true to the values stated in these documents: reciprocity; respect; equality; responsibility; survival and protection; and spirit and integrity. We have learnt that it is vital to be true to these values when conducting Indigenous health research—to quite literally “walk the talk”.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9186-x
  • Authors
    • Jennifer A. Knight, University of NSW Centre for Health Equity Training Research and Evaluation, Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, School of Public Health and Community Medicine PO Box 7103 Liverpool 1871 NSW Australia
    • Elizabeth J. Comino, University of NSW Centre for Health Equity Training Research and Evaluation, Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, School of Public Health and Community Medicine PO Box 7103 Liverpool 1871 NSW Australia
    • Elizabeth Harris, University of NSW Centre for Health Equity Training Research and Evaluation, Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, School of Public Health and Community Medicine PO Box 7103 Liverpool 1871 NSW Australia
    • Lisa Jackson-Pulver, University of NSW Muru Marri Indigenous Health Unit, School of Public Health and Community Medicine Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Recent Developments   New window
Date: Thursday, 20 Aug 2009 09:07

Recent Developments

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9174-1
  • Authors
    • John Coggon, University of Manchester British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, Centre for Social Ethics and Policy, and Institute for Science, Ethics, and Innovation, School of Law Manchester UK
    • Cameron Stewart, University of Sydney Centre for Health Governance, Law and Ethics, Sydney Law School Sydney NSW Australia
    • Laura Williamson, University of Glasgow School of Law Glasgow Scotland UK
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Republication: In That Case   New window
Date: Wednesday, 19 Aug 2009 18:48

Republication: In That Case

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9185-y
  • Authors
    • Dan Brock, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Division of Medical Ethics FXB Building, 651 Huntington Avenue, 6th Floor Boston MA 02115 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Allhoff, Fritz. ed. 2008. Physicians at war: The dual-loyalties challenge   New window
Date: Wednesday, 19 Aug 2009 08:45

Allhoff, Fritz. ed. 2008. Physicians at war: The dual-loyalties challenge

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9182-1
  • Authors
    • Jason Gatliff, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland Fellowship in Advanced Bioethics, Department of Bioethics/ JJ60 9500 Euclid Ave. Cleveland OH 44195 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Robin Romm. 2009. The mercy papers: A memoir of three weeks   New window
Date: Tuesday, 18 Aug 2009 08:27

Robin Romm. 2009. The mercy papers: A memoir of three weeks

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9183-0
  • Authors
    • Felicia Cohn, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Educational Affairs Berk Hall, Medical Education Bldg 802 Irvine CA 92697 USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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Klugman, Craig M. and Pamela M. Dalinis, eds. 2008 Ethical issues in rural health care   New window
Date: Monday, 17 Aug 2009 19:02

Klugman, Craig M. and Pamela M. Dalinis, eds. 2008 Ethical issues in rural health care

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9187-9
  • Authors
    • Robert Macauley, Fletcher Allen Health Care Burlington VT USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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The Map   New window
Date: Saturday, 15 Aug 2009 10:00

The Map

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • DOI 10.1007/s11673-009-9177-y
  • Authors
    • Kevin Hart, University of Virginia Department of Religious Studies Charlottesville VA USA
Author: "--" Tags: "Journal of Bioethical Inquiry"
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